 Papier mache a
known craft the world over, appears to be as ancient as the making of paper itself.
Invented in China in the second century, A.D., paper was at first a very rare and
expensive commodity. The Papier mache craft came about as a way to reuse this valuable
material after it had served its original purpose. The
Art of papier mache reached Kashmir around the 15th century, whereafter it was carefully
nurtured and evolved. Kashmiri artisans have developed a very characteristic style that
features opulent flower designs painted in several layers, and makes liberal use of gold
paint. Visitors, on their return from Kashmir, take along these paper mache articles, as a
souvenir of their mountain memories.
 The traditional
Kashmiri method of making papier mache starts with soaking waste paper in water for
several days until it disintegrates. It is then mixed to form a pulp and the excess water
is drained.This mixture is placed in a mold and left to dry for two to three days. The
object is then smoothened using stone, after which varnish is applied. This process of
constructing an object is called the sakhtasazi process. Next comes the
'naqashi', - the process of painting and decorating the object so created.
Firstly, a base color is painted on. Next, the design is
added, freehand. It is the skill and experience of the painter which is at work here.
Lastly, two or more layers of lacquer are applied to seal and protect the object. These
objects are not only beautifully decorated, but are surprisingly light and strong. Their
coating of lacquer protects them from water and gives them extra durability.
 What emerges
then, are some most beautiful and fabulous forms, shaped as general purpose boxes,
decorative items, jewel cases, photo frames, candle stands, wall hangings, incense sticks,
coasters, bangles, sculptures... and an endless list of possibilities!
Today in Kashmir, many papier mache boxes are made by
layering soaked waste paper over thick cardboard, rather than by pulping. This method is
less labour-intensive, and produces boxes that are nearly identical to those made by using
the pulping method.
The product forms are mainly the outcome of market trends,
evident in numerous Christmas ornaments like Easter eggs and Christmas stars. In fact,
this process started back in the seventeenth century when the early European travelers
discovered this highly decorative and marketable craft. Since then the enterprising
Kashmiri has been keenly producing these enchanting articles to meet the requirements of
the foreign trade. |
